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LangGraph is the specialized, low-level runtime for developing complex AI agents, extending the LangChain ecosystem to handle intricate, stateful workflows. It models the agent's logic as a directed graph: nodes represent actions (LLM calls, tool use), and conditional edges dictate the flow, enabling critical features like cycles (loops) for iterative reasoning. This graph-based approach ensures durable execution, allowing agents to persist through failures and resume operations. Key capabilities include comprehensive memory management via a shared state object and built-in human-in-the-loop functionality (interrupts) for external oversight. This robust framework is trusted by production teams at companies like Klarna and Replit for deploying scalable, resilient agent architectures.