Dispatcher

AEM Dispatcher is the caching and load-balancing module for Adobe Experience Manager, boosting performance and security across multiple publish instances.

Dispatcher is the official Adobe Experience Manager (AEM) module for enterprise-class web servers (like Apache or IIS), acting as a reverse proxy to AEM publish instances. Its core function is robust content caching: it stores AEM responses as static files in the web server's docroot, significantly reducing the load on the AEM servers and accelerating content delivery. Beyond caching, it provides essential load-balancing by distributing incoming requests across a farm of AEM instances. Dispatcher also enforces security by applying filter rules to block unauthorized requests before they ever reach the AEM environment, ensuring a high-performance, protected content layer.

https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/experience-manager-dispatcher/using/dispatcher.html